Age and gender differences in the self-esteem of Chinese children

published_or_final_versio

Optimizing the flight route of UAV using biology migration algorithm

Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62006103 and 61872168, in part by the Jiangsu national science research of high education under Grand 20KJB110021.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Suppressing longitudinal double-layer oscillations by using elliptically polarized laser pulses in the hole-boring radiation pressure acceleration regime

It is shown that well collimated mono-energetic ion beams with a large particle number can be generated in the hole-boring radiation pressure acceleration regime by using an elliptically polarized laser pulse with appropriate theoretically determined laser polarization ratio. Due to the $\bm{J}\times\bm{B}$ effect, the double-layer charge separation region is imbued with hot electrons that prevent ion pileup, thus suppressing the double-layer oscillations. The proposed mechanism is well confirmed by Particle-in-Cell simulations, and after suppressing the longitudinal double-layer oscillations, the ion beams driven by the elliptically polarized lasers own much better energy spectrum than those by circularly polarized lasers.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Plasmas (2013) accepte

Flexible constant force grinding of rare earth metal ingot

The rare earth metal ingots obtained by molten salt electrolysis method have oxide layers, salt layers, and other impurities on the surface, which require polishing processing. However, currently, manual polishing processing has problems such as low processing efficiency and resource waste. By designing a flexible end effector and adopting a parallel fuzzy Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) control strategy for constant force control of the end effector, automation and high efficiency of rare earth metal ingot grinding are achieved

Flexible constant force grinding of rare earth metal ingot

The rare earth metal ingots obtained by molten salt electrolysis method have oxide layers, salt layers, and other impurities on the surface, which require polishing processing. However, currently, manual polishing processing has problems such as low processing efficiency and resource waste. By designing a flexible end effector and adopting a parallel fuzzy Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) control strategy for constant force control of the end effector, automation and high efficiency of rare earth metal ingot grinding are achieved

2-D DOA Estimation for L-Shaped Array With Array Aperture and Snapshots Extension Techniques

A two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival estimation method for L-shaped array with automatic pairing is proposed. It exploits the conjugate symmetry property of the array manifold matrix to increase the effective array aperture and the number of virtual snapshots simultaneously, and then applies the principle of MUSIC to construct an angle cost function and transforms the conventional 2-D search into 1-D via a Rayleigh quotient, which can greatly reduce the computation complexity. Finally, the azimuth and elevation angles are estimated without pair matching. Simulation results show that the proposed method has a better performance and can resolve more sources than some existing computationally efficient methods

Surface phase separation in nanosized charge-ordered manganites

Recent experiments showed that the robust charge-ordering in manganites can be weakened by reducing the grain size down to nanoscale. Weak ferromagnetism was evidenced in both nanoparticles and nanowires of charge-ordered manganites. To explain these observations, a phenomenological model based on surface phase separation is proposed. The relaxation of superexchange interaction on the surface layer allows formation of a ferromagnetic shell, whose thickness increases with decreasing grain size. Possible exchange bias and softening of the ferromagnetic transition in nanosized charge-ordered manganites are predicted.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Incompressible SPH simulation of wave interaction with porous structure

In this paper an incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH) method is applied to investigate the flow motion in and around the porous structure. In order to describe in a simple and effective way the flow through the interface between the porous region and pure fluid region within the SPH framework, a heuristic boundary treatment method has been proposed. The ISPH model is first verified against a theoretical model of wave propagation over a porous bed and then further validated by comparing the predicted wave surface profiles and flow velocity fields with the experiment data for a typical case of flow motion around and inside a submerged porous structure. The good agreement has demonstrated that the improved ISPH model developed in this work is capable of modelling wave interaction with porous structures